Hbase常用命令

Hbase常用命令

进入命令行

  • cd /usr/local/src/hbase-0.98.24/bin
  • [root@master bin]# ./hbase shell
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    HBase Shell; enter 'help<RETURN>' for list of supported commands.
    Type "exit<RETURN>" to leave the HBase Shell
    Version 0.98.0-hadoop1, r1565492, Thu Feb  6 16:20:15 PST 2014
  • 查看服务器状态
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    hbase(main):001:0> status
    3 servers, 0 dead, 1.3333 average load
  • 查看hive版本
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    hbase(main):002:0> version
    0.98.0-hadoop1, r1565492, Thu Feb  6 16:20:15 PST 2014

DDL操作

  • 创建表: create 表名称, 列名称1,列名称2,列名称N

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    hbase(main):010:0> create 'mytablename','id','name','age'
    0 row(s) in 0.4220 seconds

  • 列出所有表

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    hbase(main):011:0> list
    TABLE
    mytablename
    1 row(s) in 0.0170 seconds

  • 获取表描述信息

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    hbase(main):022:0> describe 'mytablename'
    DESCRIPTION                                         ENABLED
     'mytablename', {NAME => 'age', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING true
      => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', REPLICATION_SCOP
     E => '0', VERSIONS => '1', COMPRESSION => 'NONE',
     MIN_VERSIONS => '0', TTL => '2147483647', KEEP_DEL
     ETED_CELLS => 'false', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_ME
     MORY => 'false', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME => '
     id', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER =>
      'ROW', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS => '1',
      COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', TTL =
     > '2147483647', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'false', BLO
     CKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false', BLOCKCACH
     E => 'true'}, {NAME => 'name', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING
      => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', REPLICATION_SCOP
     E => '0', VERSIONS => '1', COMPRESSION => 'NONE',
     MIN_VERSIONS => '0', TTL => '2147483647', KEEP_DEL
     ETED_CELLS => 'false', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_ME
     MORY => 'false', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}
    1 row(s) in 0.0390 seconds



    ### 注:
    VERSION : 修改信息，版本号，备份功能
    IN_MEMORY : true为都存内存上，false存HDFS

  • 删除一个列族 : alter / disable / enable

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    hbase(main):026:0> alter 'mytablename',{NAME=>'id',METHOD=>'delete'}
    Updating all regions with the new schema...
    0/1 regions updated.
    1/1 regions updated.
    Done.
    0 row(s) in 2.1860 seconds

  • 查看删除后信息

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    hbase(main):027:0> describe 'mytablename'
    DESCRIPTION                                         ENABLED
     'mytablename', {NAME => 'age', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING true
      => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', REPLICATION_SCOP
     E => '0', VERSIONS => '1', COMPRESSION => 'NONE',
     MIN_VERSIONS => '0', TTL => '2147483647', KEEP_DEL
     ETED_CELLS => 'false', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_ME
     MORY => 'false', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME => '
     name', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER
     => 'ROW', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS => '1
     ', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', TTL
      => '2147483647', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'false', B
     LOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false', BLOCKCA
     CHE => 'true'}
    1 row(s) in 0.0360 seconds

  • 添加列族

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    alter 'mytablename',{NAME=>'flags',VERSIONS=>2,IN_MEMORY=>TRUE}

  • 删除表

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    hbase(main):047:0> drop 'mytablename'

    ERROR: Table mytablename is enabled. Disable it first.'

    Here is some help for this command:
    Drop the named table. Table must first be disabled: e.g. "hbase> drop 't1'"

    要删除的表必须是disabled，所以先设置表disabled再删除

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hbase(main):049:0> disable 'mytablename'
0 row(s) in 1.2850 seconds

hbase(main):050:0> drop 'mytablename'
0 row(s) in 0.1690 seconds
  • 查看结果
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    hbase(main):051:0> list
    TABLE
    0 row(s) in 0.0110 seconds

    => []
  • 查看HDFS会发现表以文件的形式保存
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    ./hadoop fs -ls /hbase/data/default
  • 查询表是否存在
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    hbase(main):058:0> exists 'mytablename'
    Table mytablename does not exist
    0 row(s) in 0.0280 seconds

DML操作

  • 插入记录 : put 表名称, 行名称, 列名称:, 值
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    hbase(main):010:0> put 'mytablename',1,'name','zhangsan'
    0 row(s) in 0.0860 seconds
  • 获取插入记录
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    hbase(main):011:0> get 'mytablename',1
    COLUMN               CELL
     name:               timestamp=1520671182292, value=zhangsan
    1 row(s) in 0.0270 seconds
  • 修改插入记录
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    hbase(main):012:0> put 'mytablename',1,'name','lisi'
    0 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds
  • 查看所有数据: 线上禁用
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    hbase(main):002:0> scan 'mytablename'
    ROW                  COLUMN+CELL
     1                   column=name:, timestamp=1520671195585, value=lisi
    1 row(s) in 0.0790 seconds
  • 将数据刷入HDFS
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    hbase(main):003:0> flush 'mytablename'
    0 row(s) in 0.1100 seconds